Abstract: Social entrepreneurship, as an emerging form of entrepreneurship that applies business thinking to solve social problems, is endowed with the dual function of“business sustainability + social value creation”. This article focuses on the practical path of social entrepreneurship education in agricultural and forestry universities in China in the new era, and reveals its current situation and problems based on the research method of ecosystem theory. Research has found that the“four modernizations”of fragmented curriculum, marginalization of teaching staff, shortage of resources, and single evaluation coexist, and the lack of institutional incentives is the core bottleneck. Based on this, a three-tier improvement path of“system institution practice” is proposed, including deepening the institutional construction of regional collaboration and resource integration, improving the internal transformation of organizational structure and education system in universities, and exploring practical paths for deepening social integration through innovative teaching models. The research provides theoretical references for subsequent cross regional and interdisciplinary research and university practice.

Key words: Agricultural and forestry universities, Social entrepreneurship, Social entrepreneurship education, Ecosystem theory, Institutional incentives, Practical path