Abstract: Under the background of new agricultural science construction, the modernization of agriculture and the rural revitalization strategy have put forward differentiated requirements for the capability structure of high-level agricultural talents. Based on the case study of industry-university-research collaboration at Nanjing Forestry University, This paper explores the two-way empowerment; path for differentiated graduate education. By constructing a categorized training system, scenario-based practice platforms, and dynamic evaluation mechanisms, this study reveals the mechanism by which school-enterprise collaborative talent cultivation enhances the capabilities of academic and professional graduate students. The research findings indicate that the integration of resources between schools and enterprises can significantly strengthen the research innovation capabilities of academic graduate students and the technology transfer capabilities of professional graduate students, providing theoretical basis and practical reference for the reform of graduate education models in agricultural and forestry institutions.

Key words: New agricultural science, Rural revitalization, Graduate training, Differentiation, “Two-way empowerment”, Industry-university-research collaboration