Research on the Application of Mixed Reality Technology in Clinical Teaching of Spinal Surgery

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To explore the application effect of mixed reality technology in clinical teaching of spinal surgery. Method 132 undergraduate students majoring in clinical medicine from Zhengzhou University who interned in orthopedics at The First Affiliated Nosp,tal of zhengzhou University from September 2023 to June 2025 were randomly divided into a control group (traditional teaching) and an experimental group (based on mixed reality technology teaching), with 66 students in each group. After implementing a 4-week teaching program, the teaching effectiveness was evaluated by combining the theoretical scores, operational scores, overall scores, and teaching satisfaction of two groups of students. Result The theoretical, operational, and comprehensive scores of the experimental group students were significantly better than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The experimental group showed significantly higher satisfaction with teaching compared to the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion Mixed reality technology can effectively improve the clinical teaching effectiveness of spinal surgery, enhance students' operational skills, learning enthusiasm, and satisfaction, and has significant application advantages.

Key words: Mixed reality technology, Spinal surgery, Clinical teaching, Theoretical learning, Skill operation, Teaching satisfaction

CLC Number:

R-4
G642

CHEN Songfeng, YAN Miaoheng, SONG Zongmian, LIU Hongjian. Research on the Application of Mixed Reality Technology in Clinical Teaching of Spinal Surgery[J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2026, 9(5): 154-156.

References

[1] 华文彬,郜勇,杨操.脊柱畸形矫形手术神经并发症的研究进展[J].中国脊柱脊髓杂志,2023,33(7):651-656.
[2] 李晨恺,叶笑寒,王升儒,等.数字化技术在脊柱外科手术教学中的应用[J].中华骨与关节外科杂志,2024,17(7): 668-672.
[3] 卓瑞立,梁威,崔志栋.混合现实技术在经皮椎间孔镜髓核摘除术中的应用[J].临床骨科杂志,2025,28(4):492-496.
[4] 姜泳,关天民,慈元,等.混合现实技术在椎体成形治疗中的应用[J].中国组织工程研究,2024,28(30):4812-4816.
[5] 陶星光,周凯华,何小健,等.基于骨折信息融合的混合现实技术引导骨盆螺钉植入的研究[J].国际骨科学杂志,2022,43(5):314-318.
[6] 张世浩,徐小琳,李修往,等.混合现实技术在骨科临床技能操作教学中初步应用[J].中国骨与关节损伤杂志, 2025,40(1):103-105.
[7] 李远栋,刘爱峰,张君涛,等.VR、AR、MR技术在骨科临床教学中的应用[J].重庆医学,2021,50(8):1432-1435.
[8] 李宇晟,肖文峰.基于混合现实技术的骨科教学模式的构建及应用[J].继续医学教育,2021,35(6):28-30.
[9] 马胜铃,谢馨,杨文博,等.混合现实技术在脊柱外科中的应用探索[J].生物骨科材料与临床研究,2021,18(1): 65-68.
[10] 毛宁波,张煜,侯雨潇,等.扩展现实技术在骨科手术实践及教学培训中的应用研究进展[J].中华骨与关节外科杂志,2021,14(10):890-896.
[11] 陈超,张硕.混合现实技术在骨科临床教学中的应用[J].教育教学论坛,2020(42):360-361.
[12] 常俊,沈柱.基于混合现实技术的直观教学在骨科临床实践教学中的应用研究[J].九江学院学报(自然科学版), 2024,39(1):9-12,20.
[13] 方滢,叶哲伟,陈孝平.科学技术对现代外科学发展的影响[J].临床外科杂志,2024,32(1):1-5.

[1]	LIU Yu, LIU Hui, LU Biao, ZHANG Wei, YAN Xinyue, WANG Zengguang. Construction and Application of a Multi-Level and Three-Dimensional Quality Management and Evaluation System for Clinical Teaching—Case Study of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2026, 9(9): 109-111.
[2]	CHEN Songfeng, SONG Zongmian, YAN Miaoheng, LIU Hongjian. Application of CBL Combined with AR/MR Mode Based on Smart Teaching Platform in Clinical Teaching of Spinal Surgery [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2026, 9(1): 158-160.
[3]	GAO Na, ZHANG Yifan, YANG Tingting, JIANG Huihui, LI Yajie. Research on the Path of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Education for College Students to Help Improve Their Academic Level [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2025, 8(4): 97-100.
[4]	WANG Yanxiu, BAN Zhihong, YAN Meihua, MA Yan, JIANG Nanxing, YE Ling, CAO Wen. Application of DOPS Assessment Combined with BOPPPS Teaching Method in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Teaching for Emergency Department “Resident Trainees” Physicians [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2025, 8(24): 5-7.
[5]	XIAO Xiao, WANG Liuhang, WANG Yanchun. Exploration of the Two Way Interactive Training Model for Township Medical Vocational Talents [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2025, 8(17): 138-140.
[6]	XIE Wang, XIE Haibo, HE Yunsheng. Research on the Reform of Practical Teaching in Traditional Chinese Medicine Colleges under the Medical Consortium Model [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2025, 8(12): 56-58.
[7]	WANG Linjie, LI Zhongyang, GENG Dan, YI Huanying. Application of Workshop Teaching Mode in Clinical Internship Teaching of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing for Midwifery Undergraduate Students [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2025, 8(12): 143-146.
[8]	YANG Lei, DENG Fengmei, CAO Liping. Exploring the Characteristic Construction of Clinical Teaching Bases in Local Medical Colleges under the Background of Medical Education Collaboration—Taking Chengdu Medical College as an Example [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2024, 7(8): 115-117.
[9]	ZOU Xingju. Establishment and Application of the Virtual Cross-Border Live Stream Talent Training Platform—Exemplified by the Produce of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2024, 7(8): 174-178.
[10]	LU Luolan, XUAN Haiyan, WANG Wenjuan. Research on the Way of Improving Teaching Satisfaction of the Flipped Practical Training Classroom—Take Logistics Comprehensive Experimental Training as an Example [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2024, 7(4): 66-71.
[11]	CHEN Xi, YANG Zhifan, LIN Taojiu, RUAN Guozhu, HU Haiyan. Exploration of the Reform of DxR Clinical Thinking Training Course Based on OBE Concept [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2024, 7(2): 159-161.
[12]	WEI Zhixuan, ZHANG Ting, ZHANG Feng. Research on the Application of 3D Printing Technology in Teaching Neuroendoscopic Treatment of Hypertensive Cerebral Hemorrhage [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2023, 6(24): 157-160.
[13]	ZHANG Shiqiong, ZHANG Huan. The Application of LOGBOOK Teaching Method in the Teaching of Orthopedics Nursing Students [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2023, 6(15): 144-147.
[14]	HUANG Yi, LIANG Yushan, BIN Xiang, HUANG Suning. The Application of Fusion Teaching Method Based on Mind Map in Clinical Teaching of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2023, 6(11): 173-176.
[15]	ZHAO Xiaoli. Practical Application of Role-Experience Teaching Method in Respiratory Medicine Teaching [J]. The Theory and Practice of Innovation and Enntrepreneurship, 2022, 5(6): 170-173.