Abstract: In order to understand the basic situation, influencing factors and learning effect of college students' online learning, 353 college students were investigated by questionnaire. It is found that the overall learning situation of college students is above average, and the learning engagement is characterized by short autonomous learning time and insufficient learning preparation. According to the results of one-way Anova, the online self-regulated learning time is different in seven dimensions, they are preparation before class, participation during class, homework completion and review after class, teachers, students themselves, online learning platform, learning effect; Students themselves are the most important factors affecting online learning; The effect of online learning is above average, and gender differences will have a certain impact on the learning effect. In order to improve the effect of online learning, the key point is to cultivate students' autonomous learning ability. At the same time, it can also provide rich and reasonable online learning resources, improve teachers' professional knowledge and skills, and adopt diversified evaluation methods.

Key words: College students, Online learning, Influence factor