Abstract: In response to the problems of disconnection between theory and practice, as well as the gap between teaching content and research demands in the training of large-scale instruments, a project-based training system centered on problem-oriented, technical decision-making and scientific research innovation has been constructed. Through the coordinated efforts of cognitive construction, decision-making training and innovative practice in three dimensions, a training model that links knowledge learning, skill improvement and outcome production has been formed. Driven by real research tasks, the principles of the instruments, operation norms and data analysis are integrated into project training, guiding students to shift from“parameter memorization”to“method design”, and from“step-by-step operation”to“demand-based decision-making”, establishing a systematic understanding of the relationship between sample characteristics, detection methods and data quality. Practical results show that students have significantly improved in core abilities such as safe operation of equipment and handling of complex scenarios, and some achievements have been transformed into technical standards or academic outputs. This system provides talent support for the efficient sharing of large-scale instruments, explores a high-level talent cultivation path that emphasizes both theory and practice, and integrates skills and innovation, and has promotional value.

Key words: Scientific instruments, Training system, “Three-dimensional collaborative”, Project-based, Innovation, Talent cultivation