Abstract: Our country's social and economic development can not be separated from the support of excellent talents. Primary school is an important stage of early education, and plays an important role in the formation of students' personality and ability. The educational aim of this stage is not only to receive and master the knowledge of primary school, but also to cultivate students'thinking ability and inquiry ability, so as to lay a good foundation for students to study in higher grades in the future. Taking science education in primary schools as a research sample, this paper makes a thorough analysis and Discussion on the ways and teaching methods of cultivating students' independent inquiry ability in primary science teaching, aiming at providing reference for the research of science teaching in primary schools in China.

Key words: Primary school science, Teaching optimization, Independent inquiry ability